Tuesday, April 11, 2017

Geschichte des Feldzuges in Russland im Jahre 1812 by L. Gelner



Geschichte des Feldzuges in Russland im Jahre 1812 (1839) by L. Gelner is a 19th-century military history of the catastrophic campaign of the French invasion of Russia led by Napoleon Bonaparte.

The work provides a chronological account of the campaign, beginning with the advance of the Grande Armée into Russia, through major engagements such as Smolensk and Borodino, and culminating in the occupation of Moscow and the disastrous retreat during the winter of 1812–1813.

A central focus is the operational and logistical challenges faced by Napoleon’s multinational army, including supply shortages, extended lines of communication, and the effects of climate and terrain. The study highlights how these factors, combined with Russian resistance and scorched-earth tactics, contributed to the collapse of the campaign.

The narrative also addresses the role of allied contingents within the Grande Armée, including German troops from states such as the Kingdom of Westphalia and other members of the Confederation of the Rhine, illustrating the multinational nature of Napoleon’s forces.

Written relatively soon after the events, the book reflects early 19th-century historiography, emphasizing military operations, command decisions, and the dramatic scale of losses. While grounded in contemporary accounts and reports, it retains a descriptive and sometimes interpretive style characteristic of its period.

Napoleonische Herrschafts- und Gesellschaftspolitik im Königreich Westfalen, Band 7



Napoleonische Herrschafts- und Gesellschaftspolitik im Königreich Westfalen, Band 7 is a scholarly volume from a multi-part study examining the political, administrative, and social structures of the Kingdom of Westphalia, a Napoleonic client state (1807–1813) created by Napoleon Bonaparte.

This volume focuses on the implementation of Napoleonic governance and social reform policies within Westphalia. It analyzes how French administrative models were introduced into a German territorial state and adapted to local conditions under King Jérôme Bonaparte.

A central theme is the interaction between state reform and society, including the abolition of feudal privileges, changes in legal structures (such as the introduction of the Napoleonic Code), reforms in taxation, and attempts to modernize administration along centralized, rationalized lines.

The book also examines the limits and contradictions of Napoleonic modernization, showing how reforms often met resistance from local elites, administrative inefficiencies, and the practical difficulties of governing a newly created multi-regional state.

Another important aspect is the study of social hierarchy and integration policies, including conscription, civic equality principles, and efforts to reshape society according to Napoleonic ideals. These policies are evaluated in terms of both their intended transformative goals and their real-world effectiveness.

"Geschichte des Königreichs Westfalen" by Arthur Kleinschmidt



"Geschichte des Königreichs Westfalen" by Arthur Kleinschmidt, published by Perthes, is a historical study of the Napoleonic client state, the Kingdom of Westphalia, which existed from 1807 to 1813 under the rule of Jérôme Bonaparte.

The book provides a structured narrative of the kingdom’s political creation, administration, and collapse, beginning with Napoleon’s reorganization of German territories after the Treaties of Tilsit. It examines how Westphalia was designed as a model state intended to spread French revolutionary and Napoleonic reforms into Central Europe.

A central focus is the internal governance of the kingdom, including the introduction of French-style administrative systems, legal reforms such as the Napoleonic Code, fiscal restructuring, and efforts to modernize society through centralized state control.

The work also addresses the military role of Westphalia, particularly its contributions to the Grande Armée and participation in major Napoleonic campaigns. It highlights the challenges of conscription, loyalty, and the integration of diverse German populations into a unified military structure.

Kleinschmidt further explores the tensions between reform and reality, showing how ambitious modernization policies often clashed with local traditions, administrative limitations, and the demands of Napoleonic warfare. These contradictions contributed to the kingdom’s instability and eventual collapse following Napoleon’s defeat in 1813.


Monday, April 10, 2017

Le Moniteur Westphalien: Gazette Officielle. Kassel 1807 - 1813





Das Königreich Westphalen und seine Armee im Jahr 1813

The Kingdom of Westphalen and its army in 1813, 
the dissolution of it by the Imperial Russian General Count A. Czernicheff

Friedrich August Karl von Specht
Published: Kassel, J. Luckhardt, 1848.

Royal State Archives of the District of Cassel


Maß- und Rangierbücher des Ersten Infanterieregiments Kurfürst und seiner Vorgänger (1814, 1816)



Maß- und Rangierbücher des Ersten Infanterieregiments Kurfürst und seiner Vorgänger (1814, 1816) are official military registers documenting the organization, personnel, and service structure of the Erstes Infanterieregiment “Kurfürst” and its predecessor formations in the early post-Napoleonic period.

These records belong to the administrative traditions of the Electorate of Hesse (Kurfürstentum Hessen), which was restored after the fall of the Napoleonic system in 1813–1814. They reflect the reconstitution of Hessian military forces following the dissolution of the Kingdom of Westphalia.

A central function of the Maß- und Rangierbücher (literally “measurement and ranking books”) is to provide detailed rolls of officers and enlisted men, including rank assignments, company organization, service status, and internal regimental structure. They served as both administrative tools and official documentation of military hierarchy.

The volumes from 1814 and 1816 are particularly significant because they capture the transition from wartime disruption to peacetime reorganization, documenting how Hessian regiments were reassembled, renumbered, and reintegrated into restored state military systems after the Napoleonic Wars.

They also preserve information on predecessor units, linking older Hessian formations with newly reorganized regiments. This reflects the 19th-century German practice of maintaining institutional continuity (Stammtruppenprinzip) across political upheavals.



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