In May 1707, the Allied forces operating in Northern Italy numbered approximately 55,000 men, including about 40,500 infantry and 15,000 cavalry. This force comprised 85 infantry battalions and 123 cavalry squadrons drawn from several German and Italian states. Austria provided the largest contingent with 49 battalions and 81 squadrons, followed by Savoy with 16 battalions and 22 squadrons. Other contributors included Prussia (11 battalions), Hesse-Kassel (9 battalions and 14 squadrons), the Palatinate (7 battalions and 4 squadrons), and Saxe-Gotha (2 battalions and 2 squadrons). This diverse composition reflects the multinational character of the Grand Alliance armies during the war.
The Allied forces were organized into three separate field armies, or corps, each assigned distinct operational objectives. The main army, under Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia, consisted of 54 battalions and 58 squadrons, totaling roughly 32,500 men. This force included a mix of Austrian, Prussian, Piedmontese, Palatine, Hessian, and Saxe-Gotha troops. It advanced into Provence and undertook the siege of Toulon, a key French naval base. A second corps, commanded by General Visconti, operated in the Alpine region with 17 battalions and 41 squadrons, primarily Austrian and Piedmontese units, tasked with securing mountain approaches and supporting the main advance.
A third corps under Wirich Philipp von Daun advanced southward toward Naples, then held by Bourbon forces. This detachment consisted of 10 Austrian battalions and 25 squadrons and played a strategic role in extending Allied pressure into southern Italy. Together, these coordinated operations illustrate the Allied attempt in 1707 to stretch French and Bourbon resources across multiple fronts, combining a major offensive into southern France with supporting actions in the Alps and a thrust into the Kingdom of Naples.
